Giri is made up of two characters.
Gi which means loyalty or duty.
Ri which means reason or basic principle.
Depending upon the usage it might mean “duty”, “honor”, “Obligation”, or even “debt”.
If you have giri to someone, it might mean that you owe them a debt or are under obligation to them. Alternatively you might give someone in your office “giri choco” on Valentines day because you are expected to rather than because you are particularly friendly with them (as in the meaning of social obligation). A “giri no musuko” would be your “son-in-law” (as in a son through obligation rather than through blood relation).
The birth of the concept of giri occurred during the feudal period in Japan, and holds the highest regard in human relationships. A basic breakdown of the relationships are: Master-subordinate, parent-child, husband-wife, brothers-sisters, friends, and sometimes even enemies and business associates. The most basic definition one can give giri is a debt of gratitude and a self-sacrificing pursuit of their happiness.
Giri also has a very strong presence in Japanese business. To a foreigner, it can been seen as irrational and against the principles of Western business, where one is intent on personal growth. The Japanese business perspective is not the pursuit of individual gain, but one of support and respect for human relationships. This leads to mutual support in the work place instead of inter office competition and mistrust of one’s contemporaries.
On a nice warm (22C) afternoon in January Kim and I were sitting in Pizza House (best pizza in Okinawa) with Yasuda Sensei (Hanshi 10th Dan) I asked him why at over the age of 75 he still travelled all over the globe teaching Goju Ryu Karate. He replied “I have served Miyazato Sensei for many many years and now that he as passed it is my giri”
Make sure you understand your giri to your family, your art, your dojo, your sensei (if you have one).